Working With Menus and Toolbars

Creating Custom Toolbars

You should create custom toolbars for all your forms. These custom toolbars should contain functions specific to the current form and your application in general. To create a custom toolbar

1. Select View: Toolbars from the database window's menu bar to display the Toolbars dialog.
2. Click on the New Button.
3. Enter the name for your custom toolbar and click on OK.
Your custom toolbar is now shown on the list of toolbars along with all of Access's built-in toolbars. You can now edit your custom toolbar just as you would edit a built-in toolbar.

Hiding and displaying toolbars
After you have defined all the toolbars for your application, you need to control when and which toolbars are shown. Toolbars can be hidden or shown at any time using the ShowToolbar macro action or the ShowToolbar method in VBA.


CREATING CUSTOM TOOLBARS IN ACCESS 2007
Open and use an earlier version database that contains custom toolbars
1. Click the Microsoft Office Button , and then click Open.
The Open dialog box appears.
2. Use the Look in list to locate your legacy database (an .mdb or .mde file), and then click Open.
Office Access 2007 opens the earlier version database. The database objects — the tables, forms, reports, and so on — appear in the Navigation Pane. If you set a form, switchboard, or other object to appear on startup, that object also appears in the Navigation Pane. Also, if you created any custom toolbars or menu bars, they appear in the Add-Ins tab as one or more groups. Each group uses the name originally assigned to the custom toolbar or menu bar.
3. Click the Add-Ins tab.
Your custom toolbars appear as one or more groups, and you can use them when doing so is logical. For example, suppose that one of your custom toolbars contains the Print Relationships command. Access does not enable that command until you display the relationships for the open database.

ASSIGN_02 current trends

1. SQL Azure with ASP Dot Net

SQL Azure (SSDS - SQL Server Data Services) is a cloud database system offered by Microsoft. We interact with the SQL Azure services by either issuing statements to it though a command prompt or developing Dot Net applications. This article will introduce and demonstrate development of SQL Azure ASP Dot Net applications.

2. IDMS
Automated Migration for the IDMS Database

The IDMS database life cycle is coming to the end. Many enterprises are making the decision to migrate their IDMS databases to relational ones: DB2, SQL Server or Oracle. Our database migration solution: a highly automated and efficient tool for IDMS conversion to the industry standard databases - DB2, SQL and Oracle. This solution gives you the benefits of automated migration, while allowing you to control the entire process.

Our solution is for IDMS running on z\OS, z\VSE and VME
Business Benefits

* Dramatically reduces license and maintenance costs
* Makes application enhancement easier
* Provides cost effective migration
* Eliminates the IT resources problem
* Uses proven automated tools, thereby mitigating many of the project risks
* Provides a complete solution for language, database, and platform modernization
* Utilizes BluePhoenix’s extensive experience with modernization projects (over 20 years)

ASSIGN_1

A hierarchical data model is a data model in which the data is organized into a tree-like structure. The structure allows repeating information using parent/child relationships: each parent can have many children but each child only has one parent. All attributes of a specific record are listed under an entity type.
In a database, an entity type is the equivalent of a table; each individual record is represented as a row and an attribute as a column. Entity types are related to each other using 1: N mapping, also known as one-to-many relationships.

A relational database matches data by using common characteristics found within the data set. The resulting groups of data are organized and are much easier for people to understand.
For example, a data set containing all the real-estate transactions in a town can be grouped by the year the transaction occurred; or it can be grouped by the sale price of the transaction; or it can be grouped by the buyer's last name; and so on.
Such a grouping uses the relational model (a technical term for this is schema). Hence, such a database is called a "relational database."
The software used to do this grouping is called a relational database management system. The term "relational database" often refers to this type of software.

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Part II

A. Relational database system is the arrangement of all the data that were been stored in the database. It is arranged precisely.

B.

Relational Database Management System

A short definition of an RDBMS may be a DBMS in which data is stored in the form of tables and the relationship among the data is also stored in the form of tables.A relational database aims to achieve normalization of data. Normalization helps to reduce redundancy and update anomalies.

Key Field

A key field is a field or set of fields of a database (typically a relational database) table which together form a unique identifier for a database record (a table entry). The aggregate of these fields is usually referred to simply as "the key".

Data Base Records

Represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table. In simple terms, a database table can be thought of as consisting of rows and columns or fields. Each row in a table represents a set of related data, and every row in the table has the same structure.

Data Queries

Queries are the primary mechanism for retrieving information from a database and consist of questions presented to the database in a predefined format. Many database management systems use the Structured Query Language (SQL) standard query format.

DataType

A data type (or datatype) in programming languages is a set of values and the operations on those values.

Data Forms

Forms allows you to create and run sets of linked, interactive screens for data entry, retrieval and update. A complete set of screens, known as a form, is defined using commands. There are commands for defining what variables are on each screen, how they are displayed and edited, how the screen is to look, and for linking screens together.

Database File

A file database describes any of various means to encode a database model (most commonly a table) as a plain text file.

Relationship (Table Linkage)

Creating a correspondence between a row in a database table and the element. The table that contains the row must have a column named MSLINK, having datatype 32-bit integer. The element has a corresponding MSLINK 32-bit value, known as the database linkage or database attribute

MY_ASSIGNMNT

DATA TYPES
a.)What are they?
A data type in a programming language is a set of data with values having predefined characteristics. Examples of data types are: integer, floating point unit number, character, string, and pointer. Usually, a limited number of such data types come built into a language. The language usually specifies the range of values for a given data type, how the values are processed by the computer, and how they are stored.
---3 different DBMS Software---


3 Examples of data types in DBMS

STRING

• Character string, has a fixed size up to 64 Kbytes.

POINTER

• This field is a pointer to a record in another Class. Physically it contains the sub-Class record number. Size can be from 1 to 4 bytes. Having pointers makes ConteXt somewhat different than traditional DBMS systems. Connection between tables in relational databases is done through the common indexing of two tables with common keys. In this case, the keys must be present in both tables, which means size overhead. To perform search for related records in two tables both indexes are needed. In ConteXt there is no need to search. The number of a record in a sub Class is contained in the field of the main Class. (Terms "main Class" and "sub-Class" in the future will only be used for clarity, but in reality all Classs in ConteXt are equal.) Since there are no keys, the performance is much better In this case it is important to understand that fields are not linked together, only records. The field simply points to a record.

VARIANT

• It is an even more exotic field type. The standard POINTER field can only link two Classs. The value of a POINTER field is the sub-Class record number. The name of this sub Class is contained in the header of the main Class. At times there is a need to have the POINTER to several different Class. EXAMPLE: There is a "CHECK" Class with "PAY_TO" field. A check made out for supplies will have the pointer point to "SUPPLIES", whereas a payment for employee salaries will use the pointer to "STAFF" Class, etc. VARIANT consists of two ponters, the first points to a name of the sub Class the second to a record in this Class.

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Memory Variable

The memory of a computer is organized into a regular pattern of containers for information. These containers for information are called "words". Each one has a numeric address and each one is the same size as each of the others. For most applications, it is inconvenient to refer to portions of memory by their numeric addresses, so programming languages allow us to allocate portions of memory by name. When we store information in the memory of a computer we need to decide on how much we need for various purposes and on how it will be organized. Programming languages provide mechanism for "types" of information in memory. They also provide mechanisms to identify repetitive arrays of items of the same type and to aggregate possibly heterogeneous types under a common name.

 

Portion of word	Number of bits
nibble	4
character	8 or 16
byte	8
octet	8
half-word	16
word	32

The ambiguity on the size of characters is because we are in a time of transition to richer and more complex character sets for which the limit of 256 characters imposed by an 8-bit character size is inappropriate. We may also be starting on a transition to 64-bit words. Time will tell.

Data Field

A data field is a place where you can store data. Commonly used to refer to a column in a database or a field in a data entry form or web form.

The field may contain data to be entered as well as data to be displayed.

The data-store is composed of a number of data records which are, in turn, composed of a number of predefined data fields. Each of these data fields must be defined within the Load Definition File with a unique name.

TEMCONTRAST

Information vs Data
-information as a concept has a diversity of meanings, from everyday usage to technical settings.
Generally speaking, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraints,
communication, control, data, form, instruction, knowledge, meaning, mental stimulus, pattern, perception, and representation.
-data are pieces of information that represents the qualitative or quantitative attributes of a variable or set of variables.


Computer Storage vs Computer Data Storage
-computer storage; memory, components, devices and media that retain digital computer data used for computing for some interval of time.
Any data storage device; that records(stores) or retrieves (reads) information(data) from any medium itself.
-computer data storage, often called storage or memory, refers to computer components, devices, and recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time.


Operating System vs Computer System
-operating system(commonly abbreviated to either os or o/s) is an interface between hardware and user; it is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the resources of the computer.
-computer system - A complete, working computer. The computer system includes not only the computer, but also any software and peripheral devices that are necessary to make the computer function. Every computer system, for example, requires an operating system.

Primary Storage
1. RAM -Random Access Memory
-has no exact order
2. ROM
3. Cache Memory - Buffer
4. Virtual Memory - Extended memory
- Emulate the RAM

Secondary Storage
1. Hard Disk Drive
2. Flash Drive
3. Floppy Disk
4. Compact Disc
5. Digital Video Disc

Tertiary Memory
1. Zip Drive
2. External Drive